Disturbances of calciumhomeostasishave beenassociatedwithavarietyofdisease conditions inanimals.Knowledgeof serumtotal calciumvalues is essential for understanding disease states that cause calciumalterations outside thereference range. Variations in albumin values can affect the proportion of protein-bound calciumin the total calciumconcentration.Adjustment formulas ofmeasured calciumbased onmeasuredalbumin or total protein concentrationswere proposed byMeuten et al (MeutenDJ, ChewDJ, CapenCCandKocibaGJ. 1982. Am. Vet.Med. Assoc. 180, 63-67): adjustedcalcium=calcium albumin+3.5 or adjustedcalcium=calcium 0.4 xprotein+3.3. This studywas aimedtodevelop relationships between serumtotal calciumandalbumin andbetween serumtotal calciumandtotal proteinatdifferent clinical settings, andtocompare these relationshipswithMeuten's. Eachequationvarieddependingonthelaboratories, andtherewas aignificant difference in regression slopes between laboratories. The prevalence of calciumdisturbance based on the albumin and total protein equation ranging 0.7-12.1%and 4.6-19.3%, respectively. Thesefindings suggest that adjustingcalciumformulasmust bedevelopedseparately at different clinical settings. Bytheuseof their own formulas, it becomes possible to interpret abnormal calcium values correctly in patients with variousclinical conditions.